Growing Cannabis In Canada

A Detailed Comparison of Photoperiod, Autoflower, and Fast Version Cannabis Strains

Cannabis cultivation has advanced tremendously over the years, with breeding innovations creating a wealth of strain types and genetic variations. From photoperiod strains that rely on changes in light cycle to initiate flowering, to autoflower types that bloom independent of daylight hours, to fast version seeds bred for quicker harvest times, growers now have more choices than ever. This abundance of options is a blessing—but it can also be confusing for those just starting out.

When selecting marijuana seeds—be they weed seeds, pot seeds, or other specialized Genetics—you may also come across feminized varieties, which are genetically engineered to produce only female plants. This trait simplifies the grow process by ensuring all your seeds will develop into bud-bearing females, making efficient use of space, nutrients, and time.

This article will guide you through the differences between photoperiod, autoflower, and fast version cannabis strains, as well as key cultivation considerations, so you can make an informed choice that aligns with your goals and setup. Whether you’re considering seeds from a seed bank such as Quebec Cannabis Seeds or exploring new possibilities for your indoor or outdoor garden, understanding these core concepts is essential for success.

Understanding Cannabis Genetics

To truly appreciate the distinctions among photoperiod, autoflower, and fast version seeds, you should first grasp the basics of cannabis genetics. Cannabis has three main subspecies:

1. Cannabis indica
2. Cannabis sativa
3. Cannabis ruderalis

Most modern marijuana strains are hybrids, combining elements of these subspecies to create unique flavor profiles, growth habits, and cannabinoid contents. Of particular importance is the contribution of Cannabis ruderalis, which introduced the autoflower trait. By naturally flowering when it reaches a certain age, ruderalis genetics allow cannabis to bloom independently of daylight hours.

Feminized seeds emerged as another important innovation. Ordinarily, cannabis seeds can produce both male and female plants. Since female plants develop the cannabinoid-rich buds treasured by consumers, male plants must be removed promptly to avoid pollination that leads to seedy flowers and diminished potency. Feminized seeds, produced through a specialized breeding and pollination process, help ensure nearly all resulting plants are female. This increase in efficiency is especially vital for growers with limited space or strict plant count regulations.

Photoperiod Strains

Photoperiod strains represent the traditional approach to cannabis cultivation. As the name implies, these varieties rely on changes in the length of daylight and darkness to transition from their vegetative phase to the flowering phase.

• Light Cycle Requirements:

  • During the vegetative phase (when the plant grows stems and leaves), you typically provide long hours of light—usually about 18 hours of light and 6 hours of darkness if you’re growing indoors.
  • To trigger flowering, the light schedule is changed to 12 hours of light and 12 hours of dark. Outdoors, the plant naturally transitions to flowering as autumn approaches and daylight hours shorten.

• Pros:

  1. Potential for High Yields: Because growers can extend the vegetative period, these plants can become quite large and yield more flower.
  2. Greater Control: By adjusting the length of the vegetative phase, you have more influence over plant size, shape, and final yield.
  3. Wide Variety Available: The traditional breeding history of photoperiod strains means you’ll find an extensive range of flavor profiles, potencies, and growth characteristics.

• Cons:

  1. Longer Grow Times: Photoperiod strains can take several months to go from seed to harvest.
  2. Strict Light Management: Indoor growers must prevent any light leaks that might disrupt the 12-hour dark period. Outdoors, you must rely on natural seasonal shifts, which can be unpredictable.
  3. Potentially Larger Plants: While large yields are attractive, they also require more space, which might be challenging for those with limited growing areas.

For seasoned growers, photoperiod strains offer the ability to meticulously shape and train plants. Cultivators who value optimization and enjoy the hands-on nature of controlling the growth cycle often find photoperiod seeds immensely rewarding. However, they require more diligence and time investment compared to other seed types.

Autoflower Strains

Autoflower strains have become increasingly popular due to their simplicity and speedy growth cycle. These strains integrate genetics from Cannabis ruderalis, a subspecies that evolved in harsh northern climates. As a result, ruderalis-based hybrids are predisposed to flower automatically after a certain age, regardless of the light schedule.

• Growth Cycle:

  • Many autoflowering seeds move from germination to harvest in as little as 8-10 weeks total. They spend only a brief period in vegetative growth, then seamlessly transition into flowering without needing a strict 12/12 lighting change.
  • Growers can maintain an 18/6 light cycle from seedling to harvest, or even a 20/4 schedule if they prefer, which simplifies lighting requirements.

• Pros:

  1. Fast Turnaround: Short total lifecycle allows for multiple harvests in a single year.
  2. Beginner-Friendly: Limited need for adjusting light cycles makes the process more straightforward.
  3. Discrete and Compact: Autoflowers tend to remain relatively small, making them ideal for growers with limited space or those who need to keep things stealthy.

• Cons:

  1. Potentially Lower Yields: While breeders have significantly improved autoflower yields, they often still fall short of photoperiod giants.
  2. Less Time for Training: Because they bloom quickly, high-stress techniques like topping or mainlining can stunt growth if not done with precision.
  3. Varied Potency: Some older autoflower varieties were notably less potent than photoperiods. However, modern autos have caught up considerably, with some rivaling or surpassing traditional strains in THC content.

Autoflowers, especially feminized versions, stand out for their efficiency and reliable bud production. Growers who prefer multiple harvests in a shorter timespan or those new to cannabis cultivation often find autoflowers to be the perfect fit. Additionally, the rapid lifecycle reduces the risk of pests and mold, as the window of vulnerability is shorter.

Fast Version Strains

Fast version cannabis seeds, sometimes referred to as “fast flowering” or “early version” seeds, occupy a middle ground between photoperiod and autoflower genetics. They typically come from crossing a standard photoperiod strain with a ruderalis-influenced line, but without retaining the full autoflower trait. The result is a plant that still relies on a 12/12 light schedule for flowering, yet completes its bud development faster than traditional photoperiod varieties.

• Growth Cycle:

  • These strains begin flowering once the light cycle is switched to 12 hours of darkness. However, the flowering period itself is shorter—often by a week or two.
  • For outdoor cultivators, these seeds may finish before the onset of harsh fall weather in climates with brief summers.

• Pros:

  1. Reduced Flowering Time: Ideal for growers who want the control of a photoperiod but with a quicker harvest.
  2. Generally Higher Yields than Autos: Since the plant is still photoperiod-based, it may grow larger and yield more than autoflowering strains.
  3. Better Suited for Short Seasons: Outdoor growers in cooler regions can beat early frosts with these faster-finishing genetics.

• Cons:

  1. Requires Light Cycle Management: You still need to shift from an 18/6 (or similar) schedule to 12/12 indoors.
  2. Variable Genetics: Depending on the breeder, the expression of fast-flowering traits can differ. Research reputable sources for consistent results.
  3. Less Abundant in the Market: While growing in popularity, fast version seeds may be somewhat harder to find than classic photoperiod or autoflower seeds, though many seed banks now stock them.

For those who enjoy the process of controlling a plant’s vegetative growth but can’t wait a full season for a photoperiod harvest, fast version strains can strike an appealing balance. You still get some of the benefits of training and a more robust yield potential while shaving critical weeks off the flowering period.

Flowering Times

One of the biggest differentiators among photoperiod, autoflower, and fast version strains is how quickly they can be harvested. Understanding these timelines will help you align your crop with your needs and schedule:

1. Photoperiod:

   • Vegetative phase can last anywhere from 2 weeks to several months, depending on how large the grower wants the plants to get.
   • Once flipped to a 12/12 cycle, flowering typically takes 7-14 weeks, depending on the strain.
   • Total grow time can easily stretch from 3 to 6 months or more.

2. Autoflower:

   • Begin flowering based on plant age, usually around 2-4 weeks from germination.
   • Harvest often occurs 8-10 (sometimes 12) weeks after germination.
   • Extremely fast compared to traditional photoperiods.

3. Fast Version:

   • Still requires a 12/12 light cycle to initiate flowering, similar to photoperiod strains.
   • Buds finish developing about 1-2 weeks faster than standard photoperiods.
   • The vegetative phase can be as long or as short as you choose, but the key advantage lies in the shortened flowering stage.

Time is a critical factor. If you’re eager for a quick turnaround—especially if cultivating outdoors in a short-season climate—autoflower or fast version strains are incredibly appealing. On the other hand, if you have ample time and space, photoperiod seeds can reward you with larger yields.

Yields

Yield is a top consideration for growers seeking the most return on their efforts. While many factors influence yield—such as lights, nutrients, environment, and grower skill—the genetics play a pivotal role.

• Photoperiod: Often produce the highest yields due to the ability to spend extra time in vegetative growth, building a solid structure and root system. Under ideal conditions, some photoperiod strains can yield several hundred grams per plant indoors, and much more outdoors if given space and time.

• Autoflower: Historically, yields were quite small, but modern autoflower breeding has led to significant improvements. Many autoflower strains now produce respectable amounts of bud, though generally less than photoperiod giants. Still, fast harvests can mean you can fit multiple grows into a single season.

• Fast Version: Tend to produce yields somewhat higher than autoflowers, but often slightly lower than long-season photoperiod strains. Nonetheless, because they finish faster, you might harvest sooner and potentially fit in another crop during the same timeframe.

Growers must weigh their options based on personal goals. Commercial and large-scale cultivators may prefer photoperiod strains for maximum yield, while small-scale or home growers often appreciate the quick turnover and ease of autoflowers or fast versions.

Potency

Potency is commonly measured by the percentage of THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), the most famous psychoactive compound in cannabis. Some consumers also factor in other cannabinoids like CBD, CBG, or terpenes that contribute to flavor, aroma, and potential medicinal benefits.

• Photoperiod: Classic photoperiod strains have historically led the way in producing high-THC plants. Renowned for breeding stable and potent genetics, these seeds can yield powerful buds, sometimes exceeding 20-25% THC, depending on the variety and conditions.

• Autoflower: Early iterations were lower in THC due to a higher proportion of ruderalis genetics. However, continuous crossbreeding with potent indica and sativa lines has boosted autoflower potency. Modern autos can reach THC levels comparable to many photoperiod strains, with some surpassing 20% THC.

• Fast Version: Because these strains still have photoperiod-influenced genetics, they can be quite potent, often similar to their photoperiod parent. If well-bred, they don’t lose much potency despite finishing more quickly.

As with yield, potency depends heavily on cultivation practices, including nutrition, lighting quality, and overall plant health. Proper drying and curing also play a massive role in preserving cannabinoids and terpenes.

Cultivation Considerations

Cultivators must balance their chosen seed type with practical factors such as space, local climate, and growing experience.

• Space Constraints: Autoflowers and some fast versions are typically smaller, making them more suitable for tight indoor setups or stealthy outdoor grows. Photoperiod strains can grow very large, which can be advantageous if you have enough space, but challenging in smaller areas.

• Climate and Season Length: If you have an extended growing season or can create a controlled indoor environment, photoperiods let you maximize yields. However, in locations with short, cool summers, autoflowers or fast versions might finish in time before bad weather sets in.

• Experience Level: Autoflower seeds are frequently recommended for beginners due to their straightforward growth and quick turnaround. Photoperiod strains require more nuanced care, especially managing lighting schedules indoors and ensuring darkness is uninterrupted. Fast versions fall somewhere in between, as they still need a 12/12 cycle but flower more quickly.

• Harvest Frequency: Growers who want multiple harvests throughout the year may lean toward autoflowers or fast versions. Photoperiods can produce big yields, but each cycle often demands a longer overall timeframe.

• Preferred Training Methods: High-stress training techniques—such as topping and mainlining—are usually easier to apply to photoperiod or fast version strains because you can prolong their vegetative stage. Autoflowers have less time to recover from significant stress, though low-stress techniques (LST) can still be beneficial.

Balancing these considerations will help you select a seed type that aligns with your environment, lifestyle, and skill set.

Popular Strains and Examples

While the cannabis industry continually evolves, some staple strains have stood out as prime examples for each seed type. Many seed banks, including Quebec Cannabis Seeds, offer robust catalogs of:

1. Photoperiod Classics

   • Celebrated for their consistency and potency. Indica-dominant strains often produce heavy yields and deeply relaxing effects, while sativa-dominant strains can provide energetic, uplifting highs.

2. Autoflower Favorites

   • Strains like Auto Northern Lights or Auto Blueberry have developed strong reputations for delivering decent yields, impressive potency, and rapid harvest times. These are perfect for newcomers or anyone who craves multiple harvests per season.

3. Fast Version Hybrids

   • Variants like Critical Fast Version or Cream Caramel Fast Version finish flowering quicker than regular photoperiod counterparts but still offer robust yields and potent buds.

In each category, you’ll find strains that are feminized, ensuring you won’t waste time or space on male plants. Reading detailed strain descriptions from reputable seed banks is essential for matching your preferred flavors, effects, and grow characteristics to the right seeds.

Balancing Quality and Convenience

Choosing between photoperiod, autoflower, or fast version seeds often comes down to your preference for quality versus convenience—although modern breeding has narrowed that gap considerably.

• Photoperiod: Many seasoned growers believe these strains can produce the most nuanced terpene profiles and the greatest potency. The trade-off is the need for precise lighting control and a longer wait.
• Autoflower: Impressive strides in breeding have resulted in autos with rich aromas, high THC, and decent yields. Their key benefit is simplicity and speed, especially for home growers.
• Fast Version: These seeds offer much of the photoperiod experience—potentially robust yields and strong potency—in a shorter flowering window. This can be especially valuable in climates with shorter summers or for growers wanting a slightly faster turnover without completely switching to autoflowers.

Your decision may hinge on whether you prioritize a large harvest of high-potency cannabis or you want to harvest multiple times quickly. Both approaches can yield top-quality bud if you pay attention to proper cultivation techniques.

Cost vs. Return on Investment

Growing cannabis involves various costs—seeds, nutrients, lights, ventilation, water, and electricity. The total investment can be influenced by the strain type you choose:

• Photoperiod: You may get the most bud per plant, potentially offsetting the cost of each seed. However, a longer grow cycle means paying for lights and other resources for a more extended period.
• Autoflower: Seeds can be slightly more expensive because of specialized breeding, but you can cycle through grows faster, possibly leading to multiple harvests in the time it takes for one photoperiod grow to finish.
• Fast Version: Often priced similarly to regular photoperiod seeds, fast versions could be a middle-ground in both cost and resource consumption, offering a quicker turnover than photoperiods without sacrificing all yield potential.

To maximize your return on investment, consider energy efficiency, nutrient choices, and other methods to reduce overall costs while maintaining healthy plant growth. Ultimately, the real cost-effectiveness also depends on how well you optimize your environment and care for your plants.

Legal and Regulatory Considerations

Before you buy marijuana seeds—whether they’re photoperiod, autoflower, or fast version—be sure to research your local laws. Each jurisdiction sets its own rules on cannabis cultivation, including:

• Plant Count: Some places allow only a handful of plants for personal use. In that scenario, photoperiod seeds might help you achieve maximum yield per plant. Alternatively, you could run multiple small autoflower harvests throughout the year.
• Indoor vs. Outdoor Growing: Restrictions can apply to where you can grow. Outdoors, climate and daylight hours must be factored in, making autoflowers or fast versions attractive in certain regions.
• Seed Purchases and Transportation: Understanding the legalities around purchasing seeds from a seed bank, such as Quebec Cannabis Seeds, is crucial if you want to ensure compliance with all regulations.

Growing legally, in accordance with local guidelines, is vital to avoid potential penalties and to ensure you can enjoy your harvest without worry.

Conclusion

Choosing the right seed type for your cannabis garden is an important first step on the path to a successful harvest. Photoperiod, autoflower, and fast version strains each bring unique attributes and advantages:

• Photoperiod seeds offer expansive control, potentially higher yields, and a vast array of flavor profiles and potency levels, at the cost of longer grow times and a need for strict light cycle management.
• Autoflower seeds thrive on simplicity and speed, usually producing smaller plants that flower automatically. Despite once being known for lower yields and potency, modern breeding has elevated autos to rival many photoperiod strains.
• Fast Version seeds provide a hybrid approach, melding much of the photoperiod control with a shorter flowering period. This can be especially valuable in climates with shorter summers or for growers wanting a slightly faster turnover without completely switching to autoflowers.

Ultimately, your choice will reflect your priorities—be it maximizing yields, achieving a rapid harvest, controlling plant structure, or simply enjoying the convenience and consistency of feminized seeds. By understanding the core differences among these strain types and assessing your growing environment, schedule, and legal constraints, you can select the perfect option for a rewarding cannabis cultivation journey.

No matter which route you choose, remember that Genetics are only part of the equation. Successful cultivation also depends on your skills, the quality of your grow setup, and diligent plant care. Invest time in learning best practices, and you’ll be well on your way to harvesting potent, flavorful buds that reflect the pinnacle of modern cannabis breeding. Enjoy the process, and happy growing!